diff --git a/src/config/defaults.rs b/src/config/defaults.rs
index 4f0a53d..d82f8ed 100644
--- a/src/config/defaults.rs
+++ b/src/config/defaults.rs
@@ -111,25 +111,11 @@ pub(crate) fn default_proxy_secret_path() -> Option<String> {
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn default_middle_proxy_nat_stun() -> Option<String> {
-    Some("stun.l.google.com:19302".to_string())
+    None
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn default_middle_proxy_nat_stun_servers() -> Vec<String> {
-    vec![
-        "stun.l.google.com:5349".to_string(),
-        "stun1.l.google.com:3478".to_string(),
-        "stun.gmx.net:3478".to_string(),
-        "stun.l.google.com:19302".to_string(),
-        "stun.1und1.de:3478".to_string(),
-        "stun1.l.google.com:19302".to_string(),
-        "stun2.l.google.com:19302".to_string(),
-        "stun3.l.google.com:19302".to_string(),
-        "stun4.l.google.com:19302".to_string(),
-        "stun.services.mozilla.com:3478".to_string(),
-        "stun.stunprotocol.org:3478".to_string(),
-        "stun.nextcloud.com:3478".to_string(),
-        "stun.voip.eutelia.it:3478".to_string(),
-    ]
+    Vec::new()
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn default_stun_nat_probe_concurrency() -> usize {
diff --git a/src/config/load.rs b/src/config/load.rs
index 31a8b5d..0c1e629 100644
--- a/src/config/load.rs
+++ b/src/config/load.rs
@@ -65,6 +65,16 @@ fn validate_network_cfg(net: &mut NetworkConfig) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+fn push_unique_nonempty(target: &mut Vec<String>, value: String) {
+    let trimmed = value.trim();
+    if trimmed.is_empty() {
+        return;
+    }
+    if !target.iter().any(|existing| existing == trimmed) {
+        target.push(trimmed.to_string());
+    }
+}
+
 // ============= Main Config =============
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
@@ -138,6 +148,30 @@ impl ProxyConfig {
             config.general.update_every = None;
         }
 
+        let legacy_nat_stun = config.general.middle_proxy_nat_stun.take();
+        let legacy_nat_stun_servers = std::mem::take(&mut config.general.middle_proxy_nat_stun_servers);
+        let legacy_nat_stun_used = legacy_nat_stun.is_some() || !legacy_nat_stun_servers.is_empty();
+
+        let mut unified_stun_servers = Vec::new();
+        for stun in std::mem::take(&mut config.network.stun_servers) {
+            push_unique_nonempty(&mut unified_stun_servers, stun);
+        }
+        if let Some(stun) = legacy_nat_stun {
+            push_unique_nonempty(&mut unified_stun_servers, stun);
+        }
+        for stun in legacy_nat_stun_servers {
+            push_unique_nonempty(&mut unified_stun_servers, stun);
+        }
+
+        if unified_stun_servers.is_empty() {
+            unified_stun_servers = default_stun_servers();
+        }
+        config.network.stun_servers = unified_stun_servers;
+
+        if legacy_nat_stun_used {
+            warn!("general.middle_proxy_nat_stun and general.middle_proxy_nat_stun_servers are deprecated; use network.stun_servers");
+        }
+
         if let Some(update_every) = config.general.update_every {
             if update_every == 0 {
                 return Err(ProxyError::Config(
diff --git a/src/config/types.rs b/src/config/types.rs
index 58a3a3e..68086be 100644
--- a/src/config/types.rs
+++ b/src/config/types.rs
@@ -160,11 +160,13 @@ pub struct GeneralConfig {
     #[serde(default = "default_true")]
     pub middle_proxy_nat_probe: bool,
 
-    /// Optional STUN server address (host:port) for NAT probing.
+    /// Deprecated legacy single STUN server for NAT probing.
+    /// Use `network.stun_servers` instead.
     #[serde(default = "default_middle_proxy_nat_stun")]
     pub middle_proxy_nat_stun: Option<String>,
 
-    /// Optional list of STUN servers for NAT probing fallback.
+    /// Deprecated legacy STUN list for NAT probing fallback.
+    /// Use `network.stun_servers` instead.
     #[serde(default = "default_middle_proxy_nat_stun_servers")]
     pub middle_proxy_nat_stun_servers: Vec<String>,
 
diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
index dd4feb8..db46a6d 100644
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -256,8 +256,6 @@ async fn main() -> std::result::Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
 
     let probe = run_probe(
         &config.network,
-        config.general.middle_proxy_nat_stun.clone(),
-        config.general.middle_proxy_nat_stun_servers.clone(),
         config.general.middle_proxy_nat_probe,
         config.general.stun_nat_probe_concurrency,
     )
@@ -360,8 +358,8 @@ async fn main() -> std::result::Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
                     proxy_secret,
                     config.general.middle_proxy_nat_ip,
                     config.general.middle_proxy_nat_probe,
-                    config.general.middle_proxy_nat_stun.clone(),
-                    config.general.middle_proxy_nat_stun_servers.clone(),
+                    None,
+                    config.network.stun_servers.clone(),
                     config.general.stun_nat_probe_concurrency,
                     probe.detected_ipv6,
                     config.timeouts.me_one_retry,
diff --git a/src/network/probe.rs b/src/network/probe.rs
index 378faa5..6e84682 100644
--- a/src/network/probe.rs
+++ b/src/network/probe.rs
@@ -57,8 +57,6 @@ const STUN_BATCH_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
 
 pub async fn run_probe(
     config: &NetworkConfig,
-    stun_addr: Option<String>,
-    stun_servers: Vec<String>,
     nat_probe: bool,
     stun_nat_probe_concurrency: usize,
 ) -> Result<NetworkProbe> {
@@ -71,12 +69,17 @@ pub async fn run_probe(
     probe.ipv6_is_bogon = probe.detected_ipv6.map(is_bogon_v6).unwrap_or(false);
 
     let stun_res = if nat_probe {
-        let servers = collect_stun_servers(config, stun_addr, stun_servers);
-        probe_stun_servers_parallel(
-            &servers,
-            stun_nat_probe_concurrency.max(1),
-        )
-        .await
+        let servers = collect_stun_servers(config);
+        if servers.is_empty() {
+            warn!("STUN probe is enabled but network.stun_servers is empty");
+            DualStunResult::default()
+        } else {
+            probe_stun_servers_parallel(
+                &servers,
+                stun_nat_probe_concurrency.max(1),
+            )
+            .await
+        }
     } else {
         DualStunResult::default()
     };
@@ -143,36 +146,13 @@ async fn detect_public_ipv4_http(urls: &[String]) -> Option<Ipv4Addr> {
     None
 }
 
-fn collect_stun_servers(
-    config: &NetworkConfig,
-    stun_addr: Option<String>,
-    stun_servers: Vec<String>,
-) -> Vec<String> {
+fn collect_stun_servers(config: &NetworkConfig) -> Vec<String> {
     let mut out = Vec::new();
-    if !stun_servers.is_empty() {
-        for s in stun_servers {
-            if !s.is_empty() && !out.contains(&s) {
-                out.push(s);
-            }
-        }
-    } else if let Some(s) = stun_addr
-        && !s.is_empty()
-    {
-        out.push(s);
-    }
-
-    if out.is_empty() {
-        for s in &config.stun_servers {
-            if !s.is_empty() && !out.contains(s) {
-                out.push(s.clone());
-            }
+    for s in &config.stun_servers {
+        if !s.is_empty() && !out.contains(s) {
+            out.push(s.clone());
         }
     }
-
-    if out.is_empty() {
-        out.push("stun.l.google.com:19302".to_string());
-    }
-
     out
 }
 
diff --git a/src/transport/middle_proxy/pool.rs b/src/transport/middle_proxy/pool.rs
index c95457b..21c2b87 100644
--- a/src/transport/middle_proxy/pool.rs
+++ b/src/transport/middle_proxy/pool.rs
@@ -1199,6 +1199,35 @@ impl MePool {
             return false;
         }
         addrs.shuffle(&mut rand::rng());
+        if addrs.len() > 1 {
+            let mut join = tokio::task::JoinSet::new();
+            for (ip, port) in addrs {
+                let addr = SocketAddr::new(ip, port);
+                let pool = Arc::clone(&self);
+                let rng_clone = Arc::clone(&rng);
+                join.spawn(async move { (addr, pool.connect_one(addr, rng_clone.as_ref()).await) });
+            }
+
+            while let Some(res) = join.join_next().await {
+                match res {
+                    Ok((addr, Ok(()))) => {
+                        info!(%addr, dc = %dc, "ME connected");
+                        join.abort_all();
+                        while join.join_next().await.is_some() {}
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                    Ok((addr, Err(e))) => {
+                        warn!(%addr, dc = %dc, error = %e, "ME connect failed, trying next");
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        warn!(dc = %dc, error = %e, "ME connect task failed");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            warn!(dc = %dc, "All ME servers for DC failed at init");
+            return false;
+        }
+
         for (ip, port) in addrs {
             let addr = SocketAddr::new(ip, port);
             match self.connect_one(addr, rng.as_ref()).await {
diff --git a/src/transport/middle_proxy/pool_nat.rs b/src/transport/middle_proxy/pool_nat.rs
index 37c0d5b..7141236 100644
--- a/src/transport/middle_proxy/pool_nat.rs
+++ b/src/transport/middle_proxy/pool_nat.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,15 @@ const STUN_BATCH_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
 
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 pub async fn stun_probe(stun_addr: Option<String>) -> Result<crate::network::stun::DualStunResult> {
-    let stun_addr = stun_addr.unwrap_or_else(|| "stun.l.google.com:19302".to_string());
+    let stun_addr = stun_addr.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        crate::config::defaults::default_stun_servers()
+            .into_iter()
+            .next()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    });
+    if stun_addr.is_empty() {
+        return Err(ProxyError::Proxy("STUN server is not configured".to_string()));
+    }
     stun_probe_dual(&stun_addr).await
 }
 
@@ -31,10 +39,12 @@ impl MePool {
         if !self.nat_stun_servers.is_empty() {
             return self.nat_stun_servers.clone();
         }
-        if let Some(s) = &self.nat_stun {
+        if let Some(s) = &self.nat_stun
+            && !s.trim().is_empty()
+        {
             return vec![s.clone()];
         }
-        vec!["stun.l.google.com:19302".to_string()]
+        Vec::new()
     }
 
     async fn probe_stun_batch_for_family(